Conservation of plants and animals

Q1) What is meant by biodiversity

Ans: Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms living in natural conditions.

Q2) how do plants help in maintaining the balance of gases in the atmosphere.

Ans: plants use carbon dioxid and give off oxygen during photosynthesis. This helps in maintaining the balance of gases in the atmosphere

Q3) Name two trees that yield timber

Ans: Mohogany – Oak

Q4) Name a medical plant

Ans: pink periwinkle

Q5) What is deforestation

Ans: excessive felling of trees for timber, clearing forests for agriculture, roads,houses.

Q6) List the cases of decline in the population of tiger in India.

Ans: Decline due to hunting, elimination of natural prey like deer, loss of habitat and human conflicts.

Q7) when an organism is declared extinct?

Ans: when the last individual of a particular kind of organism is believed to have died, the organism is declared extinct.

Eg:Cheetah

Q8) what are endemic plants ?

Ans: plants which live to grow in just one geographical area or in small number areas are called endemic plants.

Q9) what is social forestry ?

Ans: social forestry is a practice of maintaining forests through local participation .

Q10) what are protected sites?

Ans: protected sites are natural areas that are set aside to maintain biodiversity by allowing native organism to flourish .

Q11) Describe the effects of deforestation on the temperature of a region.

Ans: plants provide shade and the shaded area has a moderate temperature . Without plants, temperature would be much colder during the night and warmer during daylight.

Q12) How do forest prevent soil erosion ?

Ans: forests have dense growth plants. The roots of plants hold soil together and prevent soil erosion caused by flowing of water.

Q13) What is desertification?

Ans: Once a forest area is cleared, the land remains exposed to intense sunlight. The soil gets exposed and the moisture from the soil quickly evaporates into the atmosphere making soil dry. The forest land gets converted into a desert. This is known as desertification.

 

Q14) Differentiate between a reserved forest and a protected forest.

Ans: reserved and protected forests are forests lands where felling of trees, hunting, grazing and other activities may be permitted on a sustainable basis to members of certain communities.

In reserved forests permission is required for such activities, while in protected forests such activities may be generally allowed.

Q15) What are national ( parks )? name the first national park in India.

Ans: national parks are reserved land or sea owned by the government and are protected from most developmental activities. The Hailey National park was the first national park in India.

Q16) What are village forests.

Ans: these are forested lands administered by a village panchayat on a sustainable basis, with the habitat , flora and fauna being protected by community.

Q17) write two sentences about project tiger?

Ans: Project tiger is a wildlife conservation project initiated in India to protect the Royal Bengal tigers.

It was launched on April 1, 1973. the project aims at tiger conservation in tiger reserves located in various regions through India. it strives to maintain a viable tiger population in their natural environment.

Q18) How are zoos useful?

Ans: As many kinds of animals are struggling to survive in the wild , many zoos have taken on the additional role of building up numbers f such animals through captive breeding programmes.

Q19) list four uses of forests.

Ans: uses of forests

1) Store houses of water

2) air purifiers

3) sources of timber

4) sources of medicines.

Q20) Discuss any two consequences of deforestation

Ans:

1) Effects of deforestation on water:

when forests are destroyed the rainfall in the region is affected and the climate becomes dryer.

2) effects of deforestation on the temperature of the region:

without plants , temperature would be much colder at night and warmer during sunlight.

Q21) describe any two measures for conserving plants and animals

Ans: plants and animals are under threat mainly due to habitat loss. Endangered plants and animals can be conserved in their natural habitats.

- the recovery of threatened organisms generally depends on providing suitable habitats and conditions in which they can thrive.

- all kinds of plants and animals are decreasing due to destruction of forests. So they should be stopped.

Q22) List any two steps that the government has taken to protect forests.

Ans:

- Natural reserves : these are usually designated areas to protect a particular kind of organisms, group of organisms or specific habitat.

- India has many wildlife sanctuaries among these, the 29 tiger reserves are governed by project tiger, and are of special significance in the conservation of tigers.

Q23 ) How are plants conserved

Ans: plants are under threat mainly due to habitat loss. Endangered plants can be conserved in their natural habitats. The recovery of threatened organisms generally depends on suitable habitat and conditions in which they can thrive .

Q24) why is biodiversity conservation an international concern ?

Ans: Many kinds of animals do not remain restricted to a particular country or region. Large numbers of migrating birds and marine animals travel across many lands and oceans that are not owned by any particular country.

Biodiversity conservations, therefor, on international problems requiring international solutions.

Q25) why are protected sites not safe for wild animals?
 Ans: In protected forest, felling of trees, hunting, grazing and other activities maybe permitted on a sustainable biases. thus result forests enjoy a higher degree of protection as compared to protected forest.